Acid Reflux Disease

Overview:

Acid reflux disease is the backward flow or regurgitation of stomach acid, contents, and occasionally bile, up into the esophagus. The most common symptom is a burning sensation behind the breastbone in the chest, also called heartburn or acid reflux. This reflux causes the lining of the esophagus to become irritated, which produces the burning discomfort. Although occasional heartburn and acid reflux are common to the majority of people (the American College of Gastroenterology estimates that over 60 million Americans experience this once per month), when it happens more frequently than twice per week or begins to disrupt daily life, then acid reflux disease may be the cause. Other symptoms include difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) and hoarseness or sore throat. This condition is also commonly called gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD.

Causes:

Acid reflux disease is caused by frequent acid reflux, which can be the result of a number of triggers. Heartburn is common in pregnant women, although it generally resolves itself post-pregnancy. Certain types of food and drinks (tomato sauces, chocolate, peppermint, alcohol and carbonated beverages) can cause heartburn and acid reflux. Eating large, particularly fatty meals, lying down after eating, and excess weight can also be causes. Finally, certain types of medications can contribute to the condition as well.

Diagnosis:

Frequent heartburn alone can often be enough evidence to diagnose acid reflux disease. There are also tests which can be performed by your gastroenterologist in order to determine whether you are suffering from acid reflux disease. Esophageal pH monitoring measures the level of acid in your esophagus. It can also be used to determine the effectiveness of various treatment options. An upper GI X-ray, also called a barium swallow, similar to a barium enema, can be used by a gastroenterologist to view a silhouette of esophagus. An endoscopy is a more accurate means of studying the esophagus and will also allow for biopsy in order to perform tissue testing.

Treatment:

Certain lifestyle changes, such as eating smaller meals more frequently, avoiding certain foods which may contribute (see Overview above), exercise and maintaining a normal body weight, avoiding eating before bedtime, and even elevating the head of your bed slightly can be very helpful. Mild cases of GERD can be treated with medication and for many, over the counter antacids or acid-blocking medications will be sufficient, combined with these lifestyle changes. If heartburn persists, prescription medication may be necessary, and possibly surgery in severe cases. It is important to understand that acid reflux disease is not simply an inconvenience. Left undiagnosed and untreated, it can lead to more serious conditions such as esophageal ulcers, Barrett's esophagus, and can greatly increase the risk of cancer.

How Associates in Gastroenterology can help:

Associates in Gastroenterology has many options for diagnosis and treatment. If you have been living with persistent heartburn or other symptoms mentioned above, please give us a call. You do not have to live with acid reflux. Our concern is for your health, but we understand and value your privacy as well. We will not recommend surgery or other invasive methods of diagnosis or treatment unless absolutely necessary.